Hydroxychloroquine Master List Q Sent Us

References:

1. Smith CD, Cyr M (1988) The history of lupus erythematosus. From Hippocrates to Osler. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 14(1):1–14

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

2. Mates M, Nesher G, Zevin S (2007) Quinines—past and present. Harefuah 146(7):560–562, 72

PubMed Google Scholar

3. Wallace DJ (1996) The history of antimalarials. Lupus 5 (Suppl1):S2–S3

PubMed Article Google Scholar

4. Page F (1951) Treatment of lupus erythematosus with mepacrine. Lancet 2(6687):755–758

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

5. Clark P, Casas E, Tugwell P, Medina C, Gheno C, Tenorio G et al (1993) Hydroxychloroquine compared with placebo in rheumatoid arthritis. A randomized controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 119(11):1067–1071

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

6. Molad Y, Gorshtein A, Wysenbeek AJ, Guedj D, Majadla R, Weinberger A et al (2002) Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prospective long-term study of an Israeli cohort. Lupus 11(6):356–361

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

7. Tsakonas E, Joseph L, Esdaile JM, Choquette D, Senecal JL, Cividino A et al (1998) A long-term study of hydroxychloroquine withdrawal on exacerbations in systemic lupus erythematosus. The Canadian Hydroxychloroquine Study Group. Lupus 7(2):80–85

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

8. Kalia S, Dutz JP (2007) New concepts in antimalarial use and mode of action in dermatology. Dermatol Ther 20(4):160–174

PubMed Article Google Scholar

9. Ohkuma S, Poole B (1978) Fluorescence probe measurement of the intralysosomal pH in living cells and the perturbation of pH by various agents. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75(7):3327–3331

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

10. Ziegler HK, Unanue ER (1982) Decrease in macrophage antigen catabolism caused by ammonia and chloroquine is associated with inhibition of antigen presentation to T cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79(1):175–178

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

11. Sperber K, Quraishi H, Kalb TH, Panja A, Stecher V, Mayer L (1993) Selective regulation of cytokine secretion by hydroxychloroquine: inhibition of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1-alpha) and IL-6 in human monocytes and T cells. J Rheumatol 20(5):803–808

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

12. Loffler BM, Bohn E, Hesse B, Kunze H (1985) Effects of antimalarial drugs on phospholipase A and lysophospholipase activities in plasma membrane, mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic subcellular fractions of rat liver. Biochim Biophys Acta 835(3):448–455

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

13. Manku MS, Horrobin DF (1976) Chloroquine, quinine, procaine, quinidine, tricyclic antidepressants, and methylxanthines as prostaglandin agonists and antagonists. Lancet 2(7995):1115–1117

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

14. Lester RS, Burnham TK, Fine G, Murray K (1967) Immunologic concepts of light reactions in lupus erythematosus and polymorphous light eruptions. I. The mechanism of action of hydroxychloroquine. Arch Dermatol 96(1):1–10

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

15. Cohen SN, Yielding KL (1965) Spectrophotometric studies of the interaction of chloroquine with deoxyribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem 240:3123–3131

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

16. Goldman FD, Gilman AL, Hollenback C, Kato RM, Premack BA, Rawlings DJ (2000) Hydroxychloroquine inhibits calcium signals in T cells: a new mechanism to explain its immunomodulatory properties. Blood 95(11):3460–3466

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

17. Lesiak A, Narbutt J, Sysa-Jedrzejowska A, Lukamowicz J, McCauliffe DP, Wozniacka A (2010) Effect of chloroquine phosphate treatment on serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 19(6):683–688

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

18. Kyburz D, Brentano F, Gay S (2006) Mode of action of hydroxychloroquine in RA—evidence of an inhibitory effect on toll-like receptor signaling. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2(9):458–459

PubMed Article Google Scholar

19. Youssef W, Yan A, Russell AS (1991) Palindromic rheumatism: a response to chloroquine. J Rheumatol 18(1):35–37

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

20. Lakhanpal S, Ginsburg WW, Michet CJ, Doyle JA, Moore SB (1988) Eosinophilic fasciitis: clinical spectrum and therapeutic response in 52 cases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 17(4):221–231

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

21. Woo TY, Callen JP, Voorhees JJ, Bickers DR, Hanno R, Hawkins C (1984) Cutaneous lesions of dermatomyositis are improved by hydroxychloroquine. J Am Acad Dermatol 10(4):592–600

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

22. Fox RI, Dixon R, Guarrasi V, Krubel S (1996) Treatment of primary Sjogren’s syndrome with hydroxychloroquine: a retrospective, open-label study. Lupus 5(Suppl 1):S31–S36

PubMed Article Google Scholar

23. Ashton RE, Hawk JL, Magnus IA (1984) Low-dose oral chloroquine in the treatment of porphyria cutanea tarda. Br J Dermatol 111(5):609–613

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

24. Valls V, Ena J, Enriquez-De-Salamanca R (1994) Low-dose oral chloroquine in patients with porphyria cutanea tarda and low–moderate iron overload. J Dermatol Sci 7(3):169–175

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

25. Murphy GM, Hawk JL, Magnus IA (1987) Hydroxychloroquine in polymorphic light eruption: a controlled trial with drug and visual sensitivity monitoring. Br J Dermatol 116(3):379–386

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

26. Cannistraci C, Lesnoni La Parola I, Falchi M, Picardo M (2005) Treatment of generalized granuloma annulare with hydroxychloroquine. Dermatology 211(2):167–168

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

27. Eisen D (1993) Hydroxychloroquine sulfate (Plaquenil) improves oral lichen planus: an open trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 28(4):609–612

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

28. Chung HS, Hann SK (1997) Lupus panniculitis treated by a combination therapy of hydroxychloroquine and quinacrine. J Dermatol 24(9):569–572

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

29. Jessop S, Whitelaw DA, Delamere FM (2009) Drugs for discoid lupus erythematosus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. (4):CD002954

30. Rolain JM, Colson P, Raoult D (2007) Recycling of chloroquine and its hydroxyl analogue to face bacterial, fungal and viral infections in the 21st century. Int J Antimicrob Agents 30(4):297–308

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

31. Savarino A, Boelaert JR, Cassone A, Majori G, Cauda R (2003) Effects of chloroquine on viral infections: an old drug against today’s diseases? Lancet Infect Dis 3(11):722–727

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

32. Savarino A, Gennero L, Sperber K, Boelaert JR (2001) The anti-HIV-1 activity of chloroquine. J Clin Virol 20(3):131–135

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

33. Savarino A, Lucia MB, Rastrelli E, Rutella S, Golotta C, Morra E et al (2004) Anti-HIV effects of chloroquine: inhibition of viral particle glycosylation and synergism with protease inhibitors. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 35(3):223–232

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

34. Sperber K, Kalb TH, Stecher VJ, Banerjee R, Mayer L (1993) Inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication by hydroxychloroquine in T cells and monocytes. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 9(1):91–98

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

35. Paton NI, Aboulhab J (2005) Hydroxychloroquine, hydroxyurea and didanosine as initial therapy for HIV-infected patients with low viral load: safety, efficacy and resistance profile after 144 weeks. HIV Med 6(1):13–20

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

36. Keyaerts E, Vijgen L, Maes P, Neyts J, Van Ranst M (2004) In vitro inhibition of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus by chloroquine. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 323(1):264–268

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

37. Vincent MJ, Bergeron E, Benjannet S, Erickson BR, Rollin PE, Ksiazek TG et al (2005) Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread. Virol J 2:69

PubMed Article CAS Google Scholar

38. Keyaerts E, Li S, Vijgen L, Rysman E, Verbeeck J, Van Ranst Met al (2009) Antiviral activity of chloroquine against human coronavirus OC43 infection in newborn mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 53(8):3416–3421

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

39. Blazar BR, Whitley CB, Kitabchi AE, Tsai MY, Santiago J, White N et al (1984) In vivo chloroquine-induced inhibition of insulin degradation in a diabetic patient with severe insulin resistance. Diabetes 33(12):1133–1137

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

40. Smith GD, Amos TA, Mahler R, Peters TJ (1987) Effect of chloroquine on insulin and glucose homoeostasis in normal subjects and patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed) 294(6570):465–467

CAS Article Google Scholar

41. Quatraro A, Consoli G, Magno M, Caretta F, Nardozza A, Ceriello A et al (1990) Hydroxychloroquine in decompensated, treatment-refractory noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. A new job for an old drug? Ann Intern Med 112(9):678–681

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

42. Gerstein HC, Thorpe KE, Taylor DW, Haynes RB (2002) The effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are refractory to sulfonylureas—a randomized trial. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 55(3):209–219

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

43. Emami J, Pasutto FM, Mercer JR, Jamali F (1999) Inhibition of insulin metabolism by hydroxychloroquine and its enantiomers in cytosolic fraction of liver homogenates from healthy and diabetic rats. Life Sci 64(5):325–335

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

44. Powrie JK, Smith GD, Shojaee-Moradie F, Sonksen PH, Jones RH (1991) Mode of action of chloroquine in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Am J Physiol 260(6 Pt 1):E897–E904

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

45. Shojania K, Koehler BE, Elliott T (1999) Hypoglycemia induced by hydroxychloroquine in a type II diabetic treated for polyarthritis. J Rheumatol 26(1):195–196

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

46. Penn SK, Kao AH, Schott LL, Elliott JR, Toledo FG, Kuller L et al (2010) Hydroxychloroquine and glycemia in women with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 37(6):1136–1142

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

47. Wasko MC, Hubert HB, Lingala VB, Elliott JR, Luggen ME, Fries JF et al (2007) Hydroxychloroquine and risk of diabetes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. JAMA 298(2):187–193

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

48. Rekedal LR, Massarotti E, Garg R, Bhatia R, Gleeson T, Lu B et al (2010) Changes in glycosylated hemoglobin after initiation of hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate treatment in diabetes patients with rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum 62(12):3569–3573

PubMed CAS Article 

49. Wallace DJ, Metzger AL, Stecher VJ, Turnbull BA, Kern PA (1990) Cholesterol-lowering effect of hydroxychloroquine in patients with rheumatic disease: reversal of deleterious effects of steroids on lipids. Am J Med 89(3):322–326

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

50. Hodis HN, Quismorio FP Jr, Wickham E, Blankenhorn DH (1993) The lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein effects of hydroxychloroquine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol 20(4):661–665

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

51. Munro R, Morrison E, McDonald AG, Hunter JA, Madhok R, Capell HA (1997) Effect of disease modifying agents on the lipid profiles of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 56(6):374–377

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

52. Rahman P, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Yuen K, Hallett D, Bruce IN (1999) The cholesterol lowering effect of antimalarial drugs is enhanced in patients with lupus taking corticosteroid drugs. J Rheumatol 26(2):325–330

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

53. Tam LS, Li EK, Lam CW, Tomlinson B (2000) Hydroxychloroquine has no significant effect on lipids and apolipoproteins in Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients with mild or inactive disease. Lupus 9(6):413–416

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

54. Bengtsson C, Andersson SE, Edvinsson L, Edvinsson ML, Sturfelt G, Nived O (2010) Effect of medication on microvascular vasodilatation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 107(6):919–924

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

55. Jung H, Bobba R, Su J, Shariati-Sarabi Z, Gladman DD, Urowitz M et al (2010) The protective effect of antimalarial drugs on thrombovascular events in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 62(3):863–868

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

56. Tanay A, Leibovitz E, Frayman A, Zimlichman R, Shargorodsky M, Gavish D (2007) Vascular elasticity of systemic lupus erythematosus patients is associated with steroids and hydroxychloroquine treatment. Ann NY Acad Sci 1108:24–34

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

57. Johnson R, Charnley J (1979) Hydroxychloroquine in prophylaxis of pulmonary embolism following hip arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 144:174–177

PubMed Google Scholar

58. Nosal R, Jancinova V, Petrikova M (1995) Chloroquine inhibits stimulated platelets at the arachidonic acid pathway. Thromb Res 77(6):531–542

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

59. Petri M (1996) Thrombosis and systemic lupus erythematosus: the Hopkins Lupus Cohort perspective. Scand J Rheumatol 25(4):191–193

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

60. Tektonidou MG, Laskari K, Panagiotakos DB, Moutsopoulos HM (2009) Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies. Arthritis Rheum 61(1):29–36

PubMed Google Scholar

61. Belizna CC, Richard V, Thuillez C, Levesque H, Shoenfeld Y (2007) Insights into atherosclerosis therapy in antiphospholipid syndrome. Autoimmun Rev 7(1):46–51

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

62. Erkan D, Yazici Y, Peterson MG, Sammaritano L, Lockshin MD (2002) A cross-sectional study of clinical thrombotic risk factors and preventive treatments in antiphospholipid syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 41(8):924–929

CAS Article Google Scholar

63. Edwards MH, Pierangeli S, Liu X, Barker JH, Anderson G, Harris EN (1997) Hydroxychloroquine reverses thrombogenic properties of antiphospholipid antibodies in mice. Circulation 96(12):4380–4384

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

64. Espinola RG, Pierangeli SS, Gharavi AE, Harris EN (2002) Hydroxychloroquine reverses platelet activation induced by human IgG antiphospholipid antibodies. Thromb Haemost 87(3):518–522

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

65. Rand JH, Wu XX, Quinn AS, Ashton AW, Chen PP, Hathcock JJ et al (2010) Hydroxychloroquine protects the annexin A5 anticoagulant shield from disruption by antiphospholipid antibodies: evidence for a novel effect for an old antimalarial drug. Blood 115(11):2292–2299

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

66. Rand JH, Wu XX, Quinn AS, Chen PP, Hathcock JJ, Taatjes DJ (2008) Hydroxychloroquine directly reduces the binding of antiphospholipid antibody-beta2-glycoprotein I complexes to phospholipid bilayers. Blood 112(5):1687–1695

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

67. Geser A, Brubaker G, Draper CC (1989) Effect of a malaria suppression program on the incidence of African Burkitt’s lymphoma. Am J Epidemiol 129(4):740–752

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

68. Maclean KH, Dorsey FC, Cleveland JL, Kastan MB (2008) Targeting lysosomal degradation induces p53-dependent cell death and prevents cancer in mouse models of lymphomagenesis. J Clin Invest 118(1):79–88

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

69. Lagneaux L, Delforge A, Carlier S, Massy M, Bernier M, Bron D (2001) Early induction of apoptosis in B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells by hydroxychloroquine: activation of caspase-3 and no protection by survival factors. Br J Haematol 112(2):344–352

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

70. Lagneaux L, Delforge A, Dejeneffe M, Massy M, Bernier M, Bron D (2002) Hydroxychloroquine-induced apoptosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia involves activation of caspase-3 and modulation of Bcl-2/bax/ratio. Leuk Lymphoma 43(5):1087–1095

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

71. Mansilla E, Marin GH, Nunez L, Drago H, Sturla F, Mertz C et al (2010) The lysosomotropic agent, hydroxychloroquine, delivered in a biodegradable nanoparticle system, overcomes drug resistance of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells in vitro. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 25(1):97–103

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

72. Jiang PD, Zhao YL, Shi W, Deng XQ, Xie G, Mao YQ et al (2008) Cell growth inhibition, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis induced by chloroquine in human breast cancer cell line Bcap-37. Cell Physiol Biochem 22(5–6):431–440

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

73. Rahim R, Strobl JS (2009) Hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and all-trans retinoic acid regulate growth, survival, and histone acetylation in breast cancer cells. Anticancer Drugs 20(8):736–745

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

74. Zhou Q, McCracken MA, Strobl JS (2002) Control of mammary tumor cell growth in vitro by novel cell differentiation and apoptosis agents. Breast Cancer Res Treat 75(2):107–117

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

75. Zheng Y, Zhao YL, Deng X, Yang S, Mao Y, Li Z et al (2009) Chloroquine inhibits colon cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo via induction of apoptosis. Cancer Invest 27(3):286–292

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

76. Sasaki K, Tsuno NH, Sunami E, Tsurita G, Kawai K, Okaji Y et al (2010) Chloroquine potentiates the anti-cancer effect of 5-fluorouracil on colon cancer cells. BMC Cancer 10:370

PubMed Article CAS Google Scholar

77. Fan C, Wang W, Zhao B, Zhang S, Miao J (2006) Chloroquine inhibits cell growth and induces cell death in A549 lung cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 14(9):3218–3222

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

78. Sotelo J, Briceno E, Lopez-Gonzalez MA (2006) Adding chloroquine to conventional treatment for glioblastoma multiforme: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med 144(5):337–343

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

79. Hu C, Solomon VR, Ulibarri G, Lee H (2008) The efficacy and selectivity of tumor cell killing by Akt inhibitors are substantially increased by chloroquine. Bioorg Med Chem 16(17):7888–7893

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

80. Solomon VR, Lee H (2009) Chloroquine and its analogs: a new promise of an old drug for effective and safe cancer therapies. Eur J Pharmacol 625(1–3):220–233

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

81. Schultz KR, Gilman AL (1997) The lysosomotropic amines, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: a potentially novel therapy for graft-versus-host disease. Leuk Lymphoma 24(3–4):201–210

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

82. Khoury H, Trinkaus K, Zhang MJ, Adkins D, Brown R, Vij R et al (2003) Hydroxychloroquine for the prevention of acute graft-versus-host disease after unrelated donor transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 9(11):714–721

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

83. Fong T, Trinkaus K, Adkins D, Vij R, Devine SM, Tomasson M et al (2007) A randomized double-blind trial of hydroxychloroquine for the prevention of chronic graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 13(10):1201–1206

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

84. Chen PH, Huang YF, Tang CW, Wann SR, Chang HT (2010) Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: an amazing response to hydroxychloroquine. Eur J Pediatr 169(12):1557–1559

PubMed Article Google Scholar

85. Rezai K, Kuchipudi S, Chundi V, Ariga R, Loew J, Sha BE (2004) Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: hydroxychloroquine as a treatment. Clin Infect Dis 39(12):e124–e126

PubMed Article Google Scholar

86. DeSimone DP, Brilliant HL, Basile J, Bell NH (1989) Granulomatous infiltration of the talus and abnormal vitamin D and calcium metabolism in a patient with sarcoidosis: successful treatment with hydroxychloroquine. Am J Med 87(6):694–696

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

87. O’Leary TJ, Jones G, Yip A, Lohnes D, Cohanim M, Yendt ER (1986) The effects of chloroquine on serum 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D and calcium metabolism in sarcoidosis. N Engl J Med 315(12):727–730

PubMed Article Google Scholar

88. Shimoni A, Hershcovici T, Mekhmandarov S, Maor-Kendler Y, Beigel Y (2000) Skeletal sarcoidosis: successful treatment with hydroxychloroquine. Isr Med Assoc J 2(7):558–559

PubMed CAS Google Scholar

89. Hirohoren N, Eliashar R, Weinberger JM (2010) Hydroxychloroquine for subglottic stenosis: a novel therapy in the battle for air. Laryngoscope 120(4):743–744

PubMed Article Google Scholar

90. Hussain A, Scelsa SN (2010) Sensory neuronopathy with Ro antibodies: response to combination immunosuppression. J Clin Neuromuscul Dis 11(3):120–123

PubMed Article Google Scholar

91. Izmirly PM CP, Kim MY DF, Llanos C, C-C N et al (2010) Hydroxychloroquine and prevention of anti-SSA/Ro associated cardiac disease in mothers with a previous child with Neonatal Lupus. Arthritis Rheum 62(10):S306

Google Scholar

92. Izmirly PM, Kim MY, Llanos C, Le PU, Guerra MM, Askanase AD et al (2010) Evaluation of the risk of anti-SSA/Ro-SSB/La antibody-associated cardiac manifestations of neonatal lupus in fetuses of mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus exposed to hydroxychloroquine. Ann Rheum Dis. doi:10.1136/ard.2009.119263

PubMed Google Scholar

93. Iyamu E, Perdew H, Woods G (2009) Growth inhibitory and differentiation effects of chloroquine and its analogue on human leukemic cells potentiate fetal hemoglobin production by targeting the polyamine pathway. Biochem Pharmacol 77(6):1021–1028

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

94. Taylor WR, White NJ (2004) Antimalarial drug toxicity: a review. Drug Saf 27(1):25–61

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

95. Hochstein P (1971) Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: mechanisms of drug-induced hemolysis. Exp Eye Res 11(3):389–395

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

96. Kleinegger CL, Hammond HL, Finkelstein MW (2000) Oral mucosal hyperpigmentation secondary to antimalarial drug therapy. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 90(2):189–194

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

97. Bortoli R, Santiago M (2007) Chloroquine ototoxicity. Clin Rheumatol 26(11):1809–1810

PubMed Article Google Scholar

98. Tehrani R, Ostrowski RA, Hariman R, Jay WM (2008) Ocular toxicity of hydroxychloroquine. Semin Ophthalmol 23(3):201–209

PubMed Article Google Scholar

99. Wolfe F, Marmor MF (2010) Rates and predictors of hydroxychloroquine retinal toxicity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 62(6):775–784

CAS Article Google Scholar

100. Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Hulot JS, Amoura Z, Delcourt A, Maisonobe T, Dorent R et al (2007) Cardiomyopathy related to antimalarial therapy with illustrative case report. Cardiology 107(2):73–80

PubMed Article Google Scholar

101. Keating RJ, Bhatia S, Amin S, Williams A, Sinak LJ, Edwards WD (2005) Hydroxychloroquine-induced cardiotoxicity in a 39-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus and systolic dysfunction. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 18(9):981

PubMed Google Scholar

102. Kwon JB, Kleiner A, Ishida K, Godown J, Ciafaloni E, Looney RJ Jr (2010) Hydroxychloroquine-induced myopathy. J Clin Rheumatol 16(1):28–31

PubMed Article Google Scholar

103. Siddiqui AK, Huberfeld SI, Weidenheim KM, Einberg KR, Efferen LS (2007) Hydroxychloroquine-induced toxic myopathy causing respiratory failure. Chest 131(2):588–590

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

104. Estes ML, Ewing-Wilson D, Chou SM, Mitsumoto H, Hanson M, Shirey E et al (1987) Chloroquine neuromyotoxicity. Clinical and pathologic perspective. Am J Med 82(3):447–455

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

105. Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Aymard G, Le TH, Wechsler B, Vauthier D et al (2002) Evidence of transplacental passage of hydroxychloroquine in humans. Arthritis Rheum 46(4):1123–1124

PubMed Article Google Scholar

106. Clowse ME, Magder L, Witter F, Petri M (2006) Hydroxychloroquine in lupus pregnancy. Arthritis Rheum 54(11):3640–3647

PubMed Article Google Scholar

107. Levy M, Buskila D, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB, Koren G (1991) Pregnancy outcome following first trimester exposure to chloroquine. Am J Perinatol 8(3):174–178

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

108. Klinger G, Morad Y, Westall CA, Laskin C, Spitzer KA, Koren G et al (2001) Ocular toxicity and antenatal exposure to chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for rheumatic diseases. Lancet 358(9284):813–814

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

109. Motta M, Tincani A, Faden D, Zinzini E, Lojacono A, Marchesi A et al (2005) Follow-up of infants exposed to hydroxychloroquine given to mothers during pregnancy and lactation. J Perinatol 25(2):86–89

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

110. Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Amoura Z, Huong DL, Lechat P, Piette JC (2005) Safety of hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with connective tissue diseases. Review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev 4(2):111–115

PubMed CAS Article Google Scholar

111. cdc.gov [online] [database on the Internet]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/resources/pdf/treatmenttable73109.pdf. Accessed 22 Nov 2010

Avatar photo

By Paul

PAUL MUADDIB is a journalist, investigator and QAnon with a focus on uncovering the truth.

9 thoughts on “HCQ Reference Master List”
  1. Love it, Paul. Great work. I was also a big fan of your Rife research — you know your stuff! Check out our work on HCQ. https://qm.news/?s=HCQ Rather than trying to elevate your own site, you could join us here. This is a paying gig, we run a virtual writers room with a live conference call from 5AM-8AM EST weekdays. We are getting lots of visibility via whatfinger’s interest in our titles and had been strong on FB and Tw, but now banned from the latter and shadowbanned on the former. Still, lots of eyeballs.

  2. God bless you for your time and work putting this together for the people of God. The demons who have hidden this, and I’m certain so much more, will burn in hell for eternity. God bless you Paul. ❤️??

  3. I sincerely hope this is not taken down. There is so much money involved, so many people heavily invested in “new” medicines that can be patented and licensed. HCQ is a generic and sells cheap and it is effective. HCQ is the enemy of Big Pharma and stockholders in Big Pharma companies.

  4. hey bill thanks buddy i really appreciate that. you’re right its huge. HCQ is the key to it all. I found the smoking gun for it and cancer. and i show how the studies are manipulated to hide it. we will be setting backups over the weekend so incase we need to change hosting sites and do some other kind of censor dodge. its a cat and mouse game with these people. but it will never be lost. if it goes down we will pop back up again.

  5. Where are the recent ones mentioned by the Frontline Drs in their day 2 video? I recall them mentioning some even post-covid from India? France? Ireland? I think those were some that were mentioned. Thanks!

  6. Hey QMN, happy sunday!! I really like the webpage name. Hope y’all are doing great over there. Thank you very much for kinda words. Im honored and really appreciate the offer but I am already committed. I began this with a group of others in different countries so we could tie all of our sites together. You’re right, it’s all about eyeballs. Can we do the next best thing and backlist our sites to each others? This one has really taken off. It’s only been two weeks and we are over 8k views a day. And we have tentacles being deployed everywhere. All of us coming together to overload MSM is how we are going to break them. Looking forward to hearing back from you

  7. Hey Patti. I just havent had time to add those but i will doing so today. Thank you hope you have a great sunday

  8. Paul, who would one need to see regarding a prescription for HCQ? I don’t think anyone who practices conventionally would be willing to write for it
    Thanks
    Debbie

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *